Seeds
Tree and Shrub Insects
| Aphids (NHE-7) | acephate, diazinon, malathion, insecticidal soap | Spray foliage thoroughly with force when aphids become numerous. Repeat as needed. Check for presence of lady
beetles and other predators before spraying. |
| Bagworms (NHE-6) | acephate, carbaryl, malathion, Bacillus thuringiensis*** | Spray foliage thoroughly Apply June 15. Later sprays are less effective. For late spraying, use Bacillus
thuringiensis. Handpicking of bags in winter and early spring will reduce later infestations. |
| Borers: Bronze birch (NHE- 143) | dimethoate | Spray trunk and limbs thoroughly in late May and early June. Repeat in 3 weeks or apply 6-inch band of
concentrate to trunk. Keep trees watered if dry during the summer. Keep trees healthy and vigorous. |
| Borers: Flatheaded apple tree, Oak | chlorpyrifos | Spray trunk and/or limbs in mid-May and repeat 4 weeks later. Keep the trees healthy and vigorous and avoid
trunk wounds. |
| Borers: Ash (NHE-145), Lilac (NHE-145), Peach tree | chlorpyrifos | Spray trunk and limbs in mid-June and repeat 4 weeks later. Keep the tree healthy and vigorous and avoid wounds
or injury to the trunk. Prune out large lilac trunks. |
| Cankerworms (NHE-95) | acephate, carbaryl, malathion, Bacillus thuringiensis*** | Spray foliage when feeding or worms are first noticed in spring. |
| Eastern tent caterpillars | Same as for cankerworms | Spray when nests are first noticed. Remove nests and destroy. |
| Elm leaf beetles (NHE-82) | acephate, Bactllus thuringiensis 'san diego', carbaryl | Spray as soon as damage is noticed. |
| European pine shoot moths and Nantucket pine moths (NHE-83) | dimethoate | Spray ends of branches thoroughly in late June for European species and m mid-May for Nantucket species. |
| Fall webworms | acephate, carbaryl, malathion, Bacillus thuringiensis*** | Spray when first webs appear; clip off and destroy infested branches or burn out webs. |
| Galls (NHE-80, 81): Elm cockscomb, Hickory, Maple bladder | diazinon, malathion | Spray foliage thoroughly when buds are unfolding. Sprays after galls form on leaves are ineffective. Galls
rarely harm the tree. |
| Galls: Hackberry blister | acephate, diazinon, malathion | Spray foliage thoroughly in late May. Kills psyllids in galls. Sprays after galls form on leaves are
ineffective. Galls are not harmful to the tree. |
| Galls: Cooley spruce, Eastern spruce | diazinon, malathion | Apply in late September or October or early spring just after bud break. |
| Green-striped mapleworms | Same as for cankerworms | Spray as soon as damage is noticed. |
| Leaf miners: Boxwood, Hawthorn, Oak | diazinon, malathion, acephate | Spray foliage thoroughly when miners first appear. Repeat treatment in 10 to 12 days. Use acephate only on oak.
Leaf miners usually do not harm the tree. |
| Leaf miners: Birch, Holly | dimethoate | Repeat treatment in 3 weeks. |
| Mealybugs | acephate, malathion, insecticidal soap | Spray foliage thoroughly and with force. Repeat in 2 weeks. |
| Mimosa webworms (NHE- 109) | acephate, malathion, Bacillus thuringiensis*** | Spray foliage thoroughly when first nests appear dune, July). A repeat treatment or second -generation larval
feeding may be needed August) |
| Oak kermes | malathion | Spray foliage thoroughly about July I to kill the crawlers. |
| Periodical cicadas (NHE- 113) | carbaryl | Spray all branches thoroughly when adults appear. Repeat in 7 to 10 days. Protect very young trees (less than 2
inch dia.) with screening around the top and trunk. |
| Sawflies | carbaryl | Spray as soon as worms or damage is evident. Handpicking is also effective. |
| Scales (NHE-100, 114, 146) | diazinon, malathion, acephate | Spray foliage thoroughly in early April for Fletcher and European elm scale in late May for pine needle and
sweet gum scale; in early June for scurvy, oystershell, and euonymous scales; in early July for cottony maple, juniper,
and dogwood scales; in mid-July for spruce bud scale; and again in August for oystershell scale. |
| Cottony maple (NHE-144), Putnam, San Jose, Tulip tree | dormant oil diluted according to label | Apply when plants are still dormant in late winter. Do not use on evergreens. For tulip tree scale, a malathion
spray in late September or in early spring is also effective. |
| Sycamore lace bugs, Plant bugs | acephate, carbaryl, malathion | Spray when nymphs appear, usually in late May. |
| Thrips | Same as for aphids | Mainly on privet. Spray foliage thoroughly. |
| Yellow-necked caterpillars | acephate, carbaryl, malathion, Bacillus thuringiensis | Spray foliage when worms are small (July). |
| Zimmerman pine moths (NHE-83) | chlorpyriphos, dimethoate | Spray trunk and branches in mid-April for young larvae and/or mid-April for young larvae and/or mid- August for
adults and young larvae. |
| *Use only one insecticide from those listed |
| ** Treatment dates listed are for central Illinois. In southern Illinois, apply 2 weeks earlier; in
northern Illinois, 2 weeks later. |
| ***Trade names: Dipel, Thuricide, SOK-BT, and others. |
Amount of Insecticide for Volume of Spraying for Tree and Shrub Insects
| | 1 gal. | 6 gal. | 100 gal |
| acephate (Orthene) 15.6% E.C. | 4 tsp. | 1 cup | 2 qt. |
| carbaryl (Sevin) 50% w.p.** | 2 tbl. | 3/4 cup | 2 lb |
| chlorpyrifos (Dursban 2E) | 2 tsp. | 4 tbl. | 1 qt. |
| diazinon 25% E.C.**** | 2 tsp. | 4 tbl. | 1 qt. |
| dimethoate (Cygon 2E)*** | 2 tsp. | 4 tbl. | 1 qt. |
| malathion 50-57% E.C.***** | 2 tsp. | 4 tbl. | 1 qt. |
| E or E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder. |
| *Do not use on flowering crab, sugar maple, redbud, American elm, Lombardy poplar, or
cottonwood. |
| ** Do not use on Boston ivy. |
| *** Do not use on chrysanthemums. |
| **** Do not use on ferns or hibiscus. |
| ***** Do not use on canaert red cedar. |
Lawn Insects
| Insects | Insecticide* | Dosage per 1,000 sq. ft.** | Suggestions |
| White grubs (NHE-104, 147) | diazinon 25% E.C. | 1 cup | Apply as spray or granules to small area and then water in thoroughEy before treating another small area. Grub
damage will usually occur in late August and in September. |
| Ants (NHE-I I I), Cicada killer and other soil-nesting wasps (NHE-79, 150) | diazinon 25% E.C., diazinon 5% G, chlorpyrifos 5 or 6%E.C. | 3/4 cup., 2 lbs., 1 cup | Apply as spray or granules and water in thoroughly. For individual nests pour lSc diazinon in nest and cover
with soil. |
| Sod webworms (NHE-115) | carbaryl 50% W.P., diazinon 25% E.C., diazinon 5% G., chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. | 1/2 lb., 3/4 cup, 2 lb., 8 fl oz. (1 cup) | As sprays, use at least 2.5 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Do not water for 72 hours after treatment. As
granules, apply from fertilizer spreader. Web- worms usually damage lawns in late July and in August. |
| Millipedes and sowbugs (NHE-93) | carbaryl 50% W.P., diazinon 25% E.C., chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. | 1/2 lb., 3/4 cup, 1 cup | Spray around home where millipedes or sowbugs are crawling. If numerous, treat entire lawn. |
| Armyworms, Cutworms | carbaryl 50% W.P., chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. | 2 oz., 1 cup | Apply as sprays or granules. Use 5 to 10 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. it. |
| Chinch bugs | chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C., diazinon 25% E.C., diazinon 5% G. | 1 cup, 3/4 cup, 2 lbs. | Spray infested areas where chinch bugs are present. |
| Aphids (NHE-148) | acephate 15.6% E.C. | 4 1/2 fl.oz. | Spray grass thoroughly. |
| Slugs (NHE-84) | Mesurol 2% bait | | Apply where slugs are numerous. Scatter in grass. For use only in flower gardens and shrubbery beds. |
| Bluegrass billbugs | chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. | 1 to 2 cups | Apply as a spray in spring to lawn damaged in previous year. Drench at high rate in July if damage is
observed. |
| E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder; G. = granules. |
| *Use only one insecticide from those listed |
| ** To determine lawn size in square feet, multiply length times width of lawn and subtract non-lawn
areas including house, driveway, garden, etc..Do not allow people pr pets on the lawn until the spray has dried. |
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Check your state and local codes before starting any project. Follow all safety precautions.
Information in this document has been furnished by the North American Retail Hardware Association (NRHA) and
associated contributors. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy and safety. Neither NRHA, any
contributor nor the retailer can be held responsible for damages or injuries resulting from the use of
the information in this document.
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